Source code for morse.sensors.laserscanner

import logging; logger = logging.getLogger("morse." + __name__)
from morse.core import blenderapi
from morse.core.sensor import Sensor
from morse.helpers.components import add_data, add_property, add_level
from morse.builder import bpymorse
"""
Important note:

    The 'logger.debug' instructions take some processor work, even if they are
    not displayed. For this reason, it is best to comment out these lines in
    the 'default_action' method.
"""

[docs]class LaserScanner(Sensor): """ This is a generic sensor class used to emulate laser range scanners, including a variety of SICK and Hokuyo sensors. This sensor works by generating a series of rays in predefined directions, and then computing whether any active object is found within a certain distance from the origin of the sensor. The resolution and detection range can be completely configured using the MORSE Builder API. This will generate a flat mesh with a semi-circular shape, where its vertices represent the directions in which the rays of the sensor are cast. It is also possible to create a sensor with multiple scan layers, such as the SICK LD-MRS. This is configured using the parameters specified below. .. note:: Objects in the scene with the **No collision** setting in their Game properties will not be detected by this sensor +-----------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+ | .. figure:: ../../../media/sensors/laserscanners/sick.png | .. figure:: ../../../media/sensors/laserscanners/sick-ld-mrs.png | | :width: 200 | :width: 200 | | | | | SICK LMS500 | SICK LD-MRS | +-----------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+ |.. figure:: ../../../media/sensors/laserscanners/hokuyo.png| | | :width: 200 | | | | | | Hokuyo | | +-----------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+ LaserScanner with remission values ___________________________________ Remission "is the reflection or scattering of light by a material." (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remission_%28spectroscopy%29) The level "rssi" adds a list of remission values to the LaserScanner. If a ray during the scan hits an object the rssi-value is the specular intenisty of the object's material; If it does not hit an object with a material the remission value is set to 0. The intensity of the material can be changed in Blender (Property -> Material -> Specular -> Intensity). The important options are highlighted in the first image. +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | .. figure:: ../../../media/rssi_blender_intensity_material.png | | :align: center | | | | Specular intensity of a material in Blender | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | .. figure:: ../../../media/rssi_laserscanner_example.png | | :align: center | | | | Example of the LaserScanner with remission values | +---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ In the second image the sensor is illustrated. Above every box the material properties and a corresponding excerpt from the socket stream is displayed. .. note:: The remission values are **not** comparable to any physical remission value and are **not** calculated. They are just based on a property of a visual effect. Configuration of the scanning parameters ---------------------------------------- The number and direction of the rays emitted by the sensor is determined by the vertices of a semi-circle mesh parented to the sensor. The sensor will cast rays from the center of the sensor in the direction of each of the vertices in the semi-circle. Three preconfigured scanners are available: a **SICK LMS500** laser scanner, a **Hokuyo** and a **SICK LD-MRS**. The example below shows how to add them in a simulation: .. code-block:: python from morse.builder import * # Append a sick laser sick = Sick() # range: 30m, field: 180deg, 180 sample points hokuyo = Hokuyo() # range: 30m, field: 270deg, 1080 sample points sick_ld_mrs = SickLDMRS() # range: 30m, field 100deg, 4 layers, 400 points per layer All these default parameters can be changed i(cf *Configuration parameters* below). An example of how to change the arc object using the Builder API is show below: .. code-block:: python from morse.builder import * # Append a sick laser sick = Sick() sick.properties(resolution = 5) sick.properties(scan_window = 90) sick.properties(laser_range = 5.0) .. note:: In some special cases (like multi-robot setups), you may need to additionally call ``sick.create_sick_arc()`` after setting your scanner properties. The ray will be created from (-window/2) to (+window/2). So the ``range_list`` will contain the range clockwise. Another example for the SICK LD-MRS: .. code-block:: python from morse.builder import * sick = SickLDMRS() sick.properties(Visible_arc = True) sick.properties(resolution = 1.0) sick.properties(scan_window = 100) sick.properties(laser_range = 50.0) sick.properties(layers = 4) sick.properties(layer_separation = 0.8) sick.properties(layer_offset = 0.25) As with any other component, it is possible to adjust the refresh frequency of the sensor, after it has been defined in the builder script. For example, to set the frequency to 1 Hz: .. code-block:: python sick.frequency(1.0) """ _name = "Laser Scanner Sensors" _short_desc = "Generic laser range sensors" add_level("raw", None, doc = "raw laserscanner: \ Laserscan with point_list and range_list", default = True ) add_level("rssi", "morse.sensors.laserscanner.RSSILaserScanner", doc = "laserscanner with rssi: \ Laserscan with point_list, range_list and remission_list") add_data('point_list', [], "list", "Array that stores the positions of \ the points found by the laser. The points are given with respect \ to the location of the sensor, and stored as lists of three \ elements. The number of points depends on the geometry of the arc \ parented to the sensor (see below). The point (0, 0, 0) means that\ this ray has not it anything in its range", level =["raw", "rssi"] ) add_data('range_list', [], "list", "Array that stores the distance to the \ first obstacle detected by each ray. The order indexing of this \ array is the same as for point_list, so that the element in the \ same index of both lists will correspond to the measures for the \ same ray. If the ray does not hit anything in its range it returns \ laser_range", level =["raw", "rssi"]) add_data('remission_list', [], "list", "Array that stores the remission \ value for the points found by the laser. The specular intensity \ is set as the remission value. If no object is hit, the remission \ value is set to 0", level ="rssi") add_property('laser_range', 30.0, 'laser_range', "float", "The distance in meters from the center of the sensor to which\ it is capable of detecting other objects.") add_property('resolution', 1.0, 'resolution', "float", "The angle between each laser in the sensor. Expressed in \ degrees in decimal format. (i. e.), half a degree is \ expressed as 0.5. Used when creating the arc object.") add_property('scan_window', 180.0, 'scan_window', "float", "The full angle covered by the sensor. Expressed in degrees \ in decimal format. Used when creating the arc object.") add_property('visible_arc', False, 'Visible_arc', "boolean", "if the laser arc should be displayed during the simulation") add_property('layers', 1, 'layers', "integer", "Number of scanning planes used by the sensor.") add_property('layer_separation', 0.8, 'layer_separation', "float", "The angular distance between the planes, in degrees.") add_property('layer_offset', 0.125, 'layer_offset', "float", "The horizontal distance between the scan points in \ consecutive scanning layers. Must be given in degrees.") def __init__(self, obj, parent=None): """ Constructor method. Receives the reference to the Blender object. The second parameter should be the name of the object's parent. """ logger.info('%s initialization' % obj.name) # Call the constructor of the parent class Sensor.__init__(self, obj, parent) arc_prefix = 'Arc_' # Look for a child arc to use for the scans for child in obj.children: if arc_prefix in child.name: self._ray_arc = child logger.info("Sick: Using arc object: '%s'" % self._ray_arc) break # Set its visibility, according to the settings self._ray_arc.setVisible(self.visible_arc) self._ray_list = [] # Create an empty list to store the intersection points self.local_data['point_list'] = [] self.local_data['range_list'] = [] # Get the datablock of the arc, to extract its vertices ray_object = blenderapi.objectdata(self._ray_arc.name) for vertex in ray_object.data.vertices: logger.debug ("Vertex %d = %s" % (vertex.index, vertex.co)) # Skip the first vertex. # It is the one located at the center of the sensor if vertex.index == 0: continue # Store the position of the vertex in a list # The position is already given as a mathutils.Vector self._ray_list.append(vertex.co) # Insert empty points into the data list self.local_data['point_list'].append([0.0, 0.0, 0.0]) # Insert zeros into the range list self.local_data['range_list'].append(0.0) logger.debug("RAY %d = [%.4f, %.4f, %.4f]" % (vertex.index, self._ray_list[vertex.index-1][0], self._ray_list[vertex.index-1][1], self._ray_list[vertex.index-1][2])) # Get some information to be able to deform the arcs if self.visible_arc: self._layers = 1 if 'layers' in self.bge_object: self._layers = self.bge_object['layers'] self._vertex_per_layer = len(self._ray_list) // self._layers logger.info('Component initialized, runs at %.2f Hz', self.frequency)
[docs] def default_action(self): """ Do ray tracing from the SICK object using a semicircle Generates a list of lists, with the points located. Also deforms the geometry of the arc associated to the SICK, as a way to display the results obtained. """ #logger.debug("ARC POSITION: [%.4f, %.4f, %.4f]" % # (self.bge_object.position[0], # self.bge_object.position[1], # self.bge_object.position[2])) # Get the inverse of the transformation matrix inverse = self.position_3d.matrix.inverted() index = 0 for ray in self._ray_list: # Transform the ray to the current position and rotation # of the sensor correct_ray = self.position_3d.matrix * ray # Shoot a ray towards the target target, point, normal = self.bge_object.rayCast(correct_ray, None, self.laser_range) #logger.debug("\tTarget, point, normal: %s, %s, %s" % # (target, point, normal)) # Register when an intersection occurred if target: distance = self.bge_object.getDistanceTo(point) # Return the point to the reference of the sensor new_point = inverse * point #logger.debug("\t\tGOT INTERSECTION WITH RAY: [%.4f, %.4f, %.4f]" % (correct_ray[0], correct_ray[1], correct_ray[2])) #logger.debug("\t\tINTERSECTION AT: [%.4f, %.4f, %.4f] = %s" % (point[0], point[1], point[2], target)) # If there was no intersection, store the default values else: distance = self.laser_range new_point = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0] # Save the information gathered self.local_data['point_list'][index] = new_point[:] self.local_data['range_list'][index] = distance index += 1 self.change_arc()
[docs] def change_arc(self): # Change the shape of the arc to show what the sensor detects # Display only for 1 layer scanner if (2, 65, 0) < blenderapi.version() <= (2, 66, 3): # see http://projects.blender.org/tracker/?func=detail&aid=34550 return # not supported in 2.66 due to BGE bug #34550 # TODO rework the LDMRS (3 layers) display [code in 1.0-beta2] if self.visible_arc and self._layers == 1: for mesh in self._ray_arc.meshes: for m_index in range(len(mesh.materials)): # Skip the first vertex (located at the center of the sensor) for v_index in range(1, mesh.getVertexArrayLength(m_index)): vertex = mesh.getVertex(m_index, v_index) point = self.local_data['point_list'][v_index-1] if point == [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]: # If there was no intersection, move the vertex # to the laser range point = self._ray_list[v_index-1] * self.laser_range vertex.setXYZ(point[:3])
[docs]class LaserScannerRotationZ(LaserScanner): """Used for Velodyne sensor"""
[docs] def default_action(self): LaserScanner.default_action(self) self.applyRotationZ()
[docs] def applyRotationZ(self, rz=.01745): # The second parameter specifies a "local" movement self.bge_object.applyRotation([0, 0, rz], True)
[docs]class RSSILaserScanner(LaserScanner): def __init__(self, obj, parent=None): LaserScanner.__init__(self, obj, parent) self.local_data['remission_list'] = [] ray_object = blenderapi.objectdata(self._ray_arc.name) for vertex in ray_object.data.vertices: # Skip the first vertex. # It is the one located at the center of the sensor if vertex.index == 0: continue # Insert zeros in the remission list self.local_data['remission_list'].append(0.0)
[docs] def getRSSIValue(self, target): """ IMPORTANT: To get the material property a workaround is needed. The material from the targets is KX_BlenderMaterial (and not KX_PolygonMaterial). So the properties are not accessible. Workaround: Get material name of the GameObject and then use the method bpymorse.get_material(name). Material name must be parsed because of the prefix 'MA' in Blender; before the name is used to get the material properties. """ mat_name = target.getMaterialName() try: mat_name = mat_name[2:] mat = bpymorse.get_material(mat_name) if mat: return mat.specular_intensity except: logger.error("Error: Could not parse material name %s. \ The leading 'MA' (prefix in Blender) is missing. \ Please check on the material name and the source file \ /src/morse/sensors/laserscanner.py the method \ 'default_action' in the class LaserScannner_RSSI, \ where the name is parsed."%mat_name) return -1
[docs] def default_action(self): inverse = self.position_3d.matrix.inverted() index = 0 for ray in self._ray_list: # Transform the ray to the current position and rotation # of the sensor correct_ray = self.position_3d.matrix * ray # Shoot a ray towards the target """ target, point, normal = self.bge_object.rayCast(correct_ray, None, self.laser_range) would be possible, but longer way to get material name: target -> (list)meshes -> (list)materials -> (string)getMaterialName(id) target_poly is shorter """ target, point, normal, target_poly = self.bge_object.rayCast(correct_ray, None, self.laser_range, "", 1, 1, 1) #logger.debug("\tTarget, point, normal: %s, %s, %s" % # (target, point, normal)) # Register when an intersection occurred if target_poly: distance = self.bge_object.getDistanceTo(point) new_point = inverse * point rssi = self.getRSSIValue(target_poly) # Return the point to the reference of the sensor #logger.debug("\t\tGOT INTERSECTION WITH RAY: [%.4f, %.4f, %.4f]" % (correct_ray[0], correct_ray[1], correct_ray[2])) #logger.debug("\t\tINTERSECTION AT: [%.4f, %.4f, %.4f] = %s" % (point[0], point[1], point[2], target)) # If there was no intersection, store the default values else: distance = self.laser_range new_point = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0] rssi = 0 # Save the information gathered self.local_data['point_list'][index] = new_point[:] self.local_data['range_list'][index] = distance self.local_data['remission_list'][index] = rssi index += 1 LaserScanner.change_arc(self)